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In this picture taken on Thursday, March 22, 2018. A picture frame shows a memorial picture of an 80-years-old Turkmen woman Ogul Durdi Gizil (C) and her husband and mother-in-law that taken in front of a poster of Imam Reza shrine, is seen on the wall of her house in Ag Ghaleh village, Maraveh Tapeh County, Northeast of Golestan province, Northern Iran. Her husband and mother-in-law has passed away in the past years and she lives alone near the border between Iran and Turkmenistan. Photo/Ali Hamed Haghdoust.
In this picture taken on Thursday, March 29, 2018. Turkmen nomad women are working around their traditional nomadic tent, called in Turkmen Turkic language "Yurt or Oba". They are from Turkmen nomads of Ag Taggeh that live near the border between Iran and Turkmenistan, on the outskirts of Maraveh Tapeh County, Northeast of Golestan province, Northern Iran. Photo/Ali Hamed Haghdoust.
In this picture taken on Tuesday, March 27, 2018. Turkmen woman, Taghan Gol Bahalkeh, 54, is making fire to cocking "Gayish" a traditinal Turkmen food, on the hill beside her house in Yeke Tapeh village, on the outskirts of Maraveh Tapeh County, Northeast of Golestan province, Northern Iran. Photo/Ali Hamed Haghdoust.
In this picture taken on Friday, March 23, 2018. Turkmen man, Taghan Keik, 60, is standing next to his neighbor, as he repairs his motorcycle in Post Dareh village, Maraveh Tapeh County, Golestan province, Northern Iran. Taghan is not married due to a mental disability and lives alone. Photo/Ali Hamed Haghdoust.
In this picture taken on Sunday, April 28, 2019. A Turkmen shepherd rides his motorcycle, as he wants collect his camel herd on the hill of Goush Tapeh cemetery, Aq Qala city, North of Golestan province, Northern Iran. Due to the flash floods in the city and houses, many residents were forced to leave their homes and live in temporary tents that set up for them on the cemetery hill. Torrential rain started on March 19 led to flood in at least 25 out of 31 provinces of Iran and caused extensive damages to the houses, schools, urban and rural infrastructure, crops and livestock. Provinces of Lorestan, Golestan, and Khuzestan are hit the hardest with the flooding. Photo/Ali Hamed Haghdoust.
In this picture taken on Tuesday, May 10, 2016. Turkmen Shepherd, Rasoul Makhtoum Nezhad, 19, is standing next to his camel, while he is herding outside Gumush Tapeh or Gomishan city, Eest of the Caspian Sea, North of Golestan province, Northern Iran. Two animals are very important in Turkmen's life, who were distributed to various places of the world. One of them is horse and the other is camel. Turkmens who mainly have a nomadic life use camels as it is useful for this culture from past, as it is resistant and multifunctional. Camel which is an important support and source of nutrition in their lives, has become a subject to tales, epics, myths and proverbs just like it is in the common culture of Turkish tribes. Photo/Ali Hamed Haghdoust.
In this picture taken on Friday March 23, 2018. Turkmen villager youth are playing Volleyball on the dry soil field in Gok Dareh village, on the outskirts of Maraveh Tapeh County, Golestan province, Northern Iran. Turkmen youth from villages in the Maraveh Tapeh region hold rural bin competitions during festivals, weddings and ceremonies. Volleyball is very popular among Turkmens, and half of the Turkmen youth turn to it. Many players of the national volleyball team are Turkmen. Photo/Ali Hamed Haghdoust.
In this picture taken on Friday, May 13, 2016. Turkmen children traditionally wear Turkmen clothes, whille they are playing outside the bride's house, during a wedding ceremony in Gumush Tapeh or Gomishan city, Eest of the Caspian Sea, North of Golestan province, Northern Iran. Photo/Ali Hamed Haghdoust.
In this picture taken on Thursday, May 12, 2016. Turkmen boy, Danial Khanpour, 16, is holding a horse harness in a makeshift stall and preparing it for practice in the riding track of Gonbad Kavous, East of Golestan province, Northern Iran. He is trained by the famous equestrian instructor, Majid Iri. A lot of Turkmen children grow up with horse. Being a jockey in adulthood is the dream of most of them. Photo/Ali Hamed Haghdoust.
In this picture taken on Tuesday, May 17, 2016. Turkman man, Shah Mohammad Ashour, one of the horse breeders, is petting his white mare. While the mare has dropped its tail on the trunk of its black colt standing next to it in Soufian village, on the outskirts of Kalaleh city, East of Golestan province, Northern Iran. Most Turkmen are very interested in breeding horses, and throughout history, they have been known for their horses. Turkmen horses which are bred in the Soufian village in Kalaleh County, and Jarglan region, are one of the most thoroughbred horse kinds in the world. These region have the largest population of this horse. Photo/Ali Hamed Haghdoust.
In this picture taken on Thursday, May 12, 2016. Turkmen spectators of the spring equestrian course of Gonbad city are standing in front of a small monitor installed under the spectator's stand in the riding track of Gonbad Kavous city, East of Golestan province, Northern Iran. They are holding the competition book in their hands, as they read the names of the horses to choose the best ones to bet on. Any form of betting with any rules is void in Islam and repeated recommendations have been given to prevent its spread in Islamic societies. But most spectators bet on the Gonbad equestrian course horses. Photo/Ali Hamed Haghdoust.
In this picture taken on Thursday, May 12, 2016. One of the Turkmen spectators of the spring equestrian course is wearing motorcycle glasses on his face, as he is waiting for the start of the race in the riding track of Gonbad Kavous city, East of Golestan province, Northern Iran. Photo/Ali Hamed Haghdoust.
In this picture taken on Thursday, May 12, 2016. A Turkmen teenager sits on the horse of the first winner of the course. He raises his hands as a sign of victory and shows number 1 with his fingers and rejoices with the other fans in the riding track of Gonbad Kavous city, East of Golestan province, Northern Iran. A lot of Turkmen children grow up with horse. Being a jockey in adulthood is the dream of most of them. Photo/Ali Hamed Haghdoust.
In this picture taken on Friday, Sept. 18, 2020. A young tourist girl is standing next to a Turkmen woman, stroking a camel with howdah, which is on display at the wharf of Turkmen port for tourists to ride on the beach of Bandar Turkmen, Golestan province, Northern Iran. Photo/Ali Hamed Haghdoust.
In this picture taken on Friday, Sept. 18, 2020. A Turkmen boy sits on a table next to printed photographs of tourists in traditional Turkmen clothing, outside a photograph studio which is set up inside a kind of Turkmen bower called "Oba" or "Yurt" for photography of tourists in Turkmen style on the shores of Bandar Turkmen, Golestan province, Northern Iran. Photo/Ali Hamed Haghdoust.
In this picture taken on Tuesday, May 10, 2016. Turkmen girl, Maryam Khozeini, is playing with her dog, as she stands in the the porch of her old wooden house in Gumush Tapeh or Gomishan city, Eest of the Caspian sea, North of Golestan province, near the border between Iran and Turkmenistan, Northern Iran. The historical and wooden houses of Gumush Tapeh with Russian architecture belong to the Qajar period and are the second historical texture of Golestan province. Photo/Ali Hamed Haghdoust.
In this picture taken on Saturday, March 24, 2018. Turkmen elderly woman, Gorban Beykeh Garaei, 60, is eating breakfast with her daughter and grandsons inside her small rural home in Yel Cheshmeh village, Gulli Dagh region, near the city of Kalaleh, Golestan province, Northern Iran. Her husband died 6 years ago and she lives alone. Photo/Ali Hamed Haghdoust.
In this picture taken on Thursday, March, 29, 2018. Turkmen woman, Ayjamal Gizil, 41, is talking with her daughter-in-law, as she weaves traditional fabrik inside her rural home in Gazangayeh village, on the outskirts of Maraveh Tapeh County, near the border between Iran and Turkmenistan, Golestan province, Northern Iran. Photo/Ali Hamed Haghdoust.
In this picture taken on Sunday, April 28, 2019. Elderly Turkmen man, Karim Davari, 104, is resting inside his home in Gumush Tapeh or Gomishan city, Eest of the Caspian Sea, North of Golestan province, near the border between Iran and Turkmenistan, Northern Iran. He is one of the oldest Turkmen men who lived in "Turkmen Sahra" more than a century. He has 5 children and suffers from Alzheimer. Photo/Ali Hamed Haghdoust.
In this picture taken on Monday, Nov. 21, 2011. Turkmen musician that called in Turkmen Turkic "Baghshi" is playing Dutar, as his sons prepare to sing with him inside their home in Bandar Turkmen city, East of the Caspian Sea, North of Golestan province, Northern Iran. They are wearing Turkmen traditional clothes. Duar is the main instrument of Turkmens and is a traditional long-necked two-stringed lute found in Iran and Central Asia. Its name comes from the Persian word for "two strings". Dutar players in Turkmen Sahra known as "Baghshi", while in Azeri the term is Ashiq. Turkmen's Baghshi music is recognized on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. Photo/Ali Hamed Haghdoust.
In this picture taken on Friday, March 23, 2018. Turkmen woman, Qizil Gulpourmand, wears the turban of her 17-year-old son, Matin Shirdel, to prepare him for attending a Rabbani religious school in the village of Chenarli, far from their home in Gok Dareh village,on the outskirts of Maraveh Tapeh County, Golestan province, Northern Iran. Clerics and religious scholars have a special state among the Turkmen. Many young people go to schools of religious studies to live as clerics in the cities and villages of the Turkmen Sahra after completing their studies and to deal with the religious issues of the people. Photo/Ali Hamed Haghdoust.
In this picture taken on Tuesday, Nov. 22, 2011. Young Turkmen clergy students, which are studying at the Azami Religious Studies School, are going to the prayer hall to pray in the city of Gumush Tapeh, East of the Caspian Sea, Golestan province, Northern Iran. This city used to be one of the most prominent places and gathering places for clerics and religious scholars in the Turkmen Sahra of Iran. Photo/Ali Hamed Haghdoust.
In this picture taken on Tuesday, Nov. 22, 2011. Turkmen cleric (C) and his students are reading and interpreting the Quran in the classroom of Azamiyeh religious Studies in Bandar Turkmen city, East of the Caspian Sea, Golestan province, Northern Iran. Photo/Ali Hamed Haghdoust.
In this picture taken on Tuesday, Nov. 22, 2011. Turkmens are praying at a mosque in Bandar Turkmen city, Eest of the Caspian Sea, North of Golestan province, Northern Iran. Photo/Ali Hamed Haghdoust.
In this picture taken on Monday, Nov. 7, 2011. Turkmen man, Hakimgholi Torrik, third right, prepares to slaughter a camel during the Islamic holiday of Eid al-Adha, or "Feast of Sacrifice", in the city of Siminshahr, in a Sunni area of Iran, Golestan province, Northern Iran. The country which is predominantly Shiite. The Eid al-Adha, or "Feast of Sacrifice," is an important Muslim holiday when a livestock animal is slaughtered in remembrance of Abraham's near-sacrifice of his son at God's command. Photo/Ali Hamed Haghdoust.
In this picture taken on Friday, Sept. 18, 2020. Turkmen women are cook a local Turkmen dish called "Chakdirmeh". They came with their families to spend the weekend on Ashuradeh Island in the Caspian Sea near the Turkmen port, near Bandar Turkmen city, Golestan province, Northern Iran. Photo/Ali Hamed Haghdoust.
In this picture taken on Saturday, March 24, 2018. Turkmens are moving towards the top of the mountain after making a pilgrim to "Choupan Ata" monument in Khaled Nabi Shrine, on the outskirts of Kalaleh city, Golestan province, Northern Iran. The shrine of Khaled Nabi is considered as one of the main shrines of Turkmens. It consists of 3 monuments: "Khaled Nabi, Alem Baba and Choupan Ata", which is set on top of "Tangrak Dagh (Ghodrat)" castle In "Gogje Dagh" mountain range and at a distance of 55 kilometers from Northeast of "Kalaleh" town. Photo/Ali Hamed Haghdoust.
In this picture taken on Friday, Sept. 18, 2020. Turkmen boys are sitting inside a boat that had been parked next to the pier, as they are coming to see the sunset and enjoy their weekend in the beach of Bandar Turkmen, East of the Caspian Sea, Golestan province, Northern Iran. Photo/Ali Hamed Haghdoust.
In this picture taken on Friday, Aug. 30, 2013. Turkmen bride, Shaylan Niyazmohammadi struggles to place her earrings, that the family of groom brought her as a gift, during her wedding ceremony in her home in Gorgan city, Golestan province, Northern Iran. In Turkmen culture, wedding is not possible without national traditions and ceremonies. Religious beliefs and ancient people’s traditions became intertwined in wedding ceremonies. Photo/Ali Hamed Haghdoust.
In this picture taken on Friday, Aug. 30, 2013. A group of Turkmen men dressed in traditional costumes, throw their hats into the air, as they celebrate along the way to arriving the bride at her new home in Gorgan city, Golestan province, Northern Iran. The Turkmen wedding has kept the unique atmosphere of ancient traditions, which makes it a wonderful, bright and unusual event. Photo/Ali Hamed Haghdoust.
Turkmens Of Iran
Stories
Ali Hamed Haghdoust
Turkmen Sahra, Kalaleh, Maraveh Tapeh, Gonbad- e Kaovous, southeast of the Caspian Sea, Golestan province, Nnorth of Iran. 2011 - 2020. The Turkmens are of Iranian Sunni tribes, living in the Turkmen Sahra, north of Golestan Province in the East of the Caspian Sea, and in the Raz and Jorglan region of northern North Khorasan Province, along a 70-kilometer border with the Republic of Turkmenistan.
They are of the Oghuz Turks race and their language roots are Turkish. In the past, some Turkmens farmed and considered as sedentists. However, some of them were engaged in horse breeding and pastoralism; and migrated from place to place in search of pastures.
The Turkmen nomads, considered Kheyva and Bukhara to the Turkmen Sahra of Iran as their homeland, but during the 1881 border agreement between the Russian and Iranian governments, the Turkmen areas were divided into northern and southern parts. The northern part went under Russian rule and the southern part under Iranian tutelage.
Four decades after this agreement, and following the implementation of the policy of monopolization and disarmament of the Turkmens by Reza Pahlavi in 1925, many struggles took place against the central government. One of the most important of them was the struggles of "Osman Akhund".
Like other Turkic, Kurdish, Arab and Baloch People, Turkmens share ethnic, cultural and linguistic commonalities with neighboring people across the borders. They live on both sides of a border with the same culture and lineage, the same name, but different countries.
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